ABSTRACT
The oral administration of bioactive macromolecular drugs such as proteins, peptides and nucleic acids represents unprecedented challenges from the drug delivery point of view. One key consideration is how to overcome the gastrointestinal tract absorption barrier. Recent studies suggest that microfold cell (M cell), a kind of specialized antigen-sampling epithelial cell which is characterized by a high endocytic rate and low degradation ability, may play an important role in macromolecule oral absorption. The development of an in vitro M cell coculture system and its modified models greatly advanced the study of M cells and the development of oral delivery system for macromolecular drugs. The special structure, function and formation characteristics, and biomarkers of M cell are summarized in this review. The applications of in vitro M cell models in developing oral delivery system ofbioactive macromolecular drugs are discussed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Administration, Oral , Drug Delivery Systems , Methods , Intestinal Mucosa , Cell Biology , Macromolecular Substances , Pharmacokinetics , Models, Biological , Peptides , Pharmacokinetics , Peyer's Patches , Cell Biology , Proteins , Pharmacokinetics , Vaccines , PharmacokineticsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the detection methods for cognitive dysfunction of the major depression in Elderly and analyze their clinical significance.Methods Using matched-pairs study,42 patients with seniie de- pressive disorders(experimental group)and 42 normal aged people(control group)were examined with auditory e- voked potential P300(event related potential,ERP-P300)and SECF,respectively.Results It was found that the scores with registration,span,recall,classification and total score of the subjects in the experimental group were sig- nificantly lower than those in the control group(P
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the parental personality traits and affective expression in abuse children.Methods The investigation was carried out in 3 villages in Xinxiang,Henan province,with a total of 1 310 households,of which there were altogether 370 households that had children at 10-15 years old.From them,200 households were randomly selected to screen the children for child abuse,and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS) assessment were made among the parents who were primary caregi-vers.Independent samples t-test and Chi-square test were conducted to the 196 valid questionnaires.Results The average educated years of parents in abuse group and non-abuse group were (7.75?5.437)years old and (7.28? 2.532) years old,there was no significant diffe-rence (P=0.413).The average age of fathers in abuse group and non-abuse group were (36.16?8.96)years and (39.06?7.99)years repectively,there was no significant difference(P=0.170),and those of mothers in both groups were (36.06?5.15)years and (37.62?5.70) years respectively,there was no significant difference(P=0.121).There were 31 fathers and 49 mothers who were guardian in abuse group,while there were 35 fathers and 81 mothers in non-abuse group (?2=1.56 P=0.212).No significant differences were found in parental psychoticism [t(father)=1.221 P= 0.227;t (mother)=-0.471 P=0.639],neuroticism[t (father)=-0.524 P=0.602;t(mother)=-0.556 P=0.579],extraversion/ introversion[t(father)=-0.449 P=0.655;t(mother)=-0.859 P=0.392] and lie [t(father)=-1.263 P= 0.211;t(mother)=0.733 P= 0.465],the ability to identify and describe feelings[t(father)=0.946 P=0.348;t(mother)=0.815 P=0.417],to distinguish between bodily sensations[t(father)=0.215 P=0.831;t(mother)=2.107 P=0.037],to daydream [t(father)=-0.088 P=0.930;t(mother)=-0.971 P=0.333]and to focus on externally oriented thinking[t(father)=-0.648 P= 0.519;t(mother)=-0.164 P= 0.870] in TAS.Conclusions In a general way parents who abuse their children do not necessarily have problems with their personalities or affective expression.Not only abnormal parents are likely to assault their children,but also normal parents may do it as well.